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Glossary

Q fever

An infectious disease due to the bacterium Coxiella burnetii whose symptoms include

fever, headache, malaise, and pneumonia (interstitial pneumonitis), but not rash. The

Q stands for query because the cause of the disease was long a question mark. Q

fever is a zoonotic disease and is contracted from cattle, sheep, and goats. Chronic Q

fever (infection that persists for more than 6 months) may develop years after the initial

infection and can lead to serious complications including endocarditis. Transplant

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Glossary

Public relations

A management function that helps define an organization's philosophy and direction by

maintaining communication within a firm and with outside forces and by monitoring and

helping a firm adapt to significant public opinion. (1)

 

(1) Glossary of communication, University of Jyväskylä

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Glossary

Public health preparedness

To be ready to face infectious outbreaks and other hazards, organizations and societies

need a comprehensive plan.

Preparedness of countries, societies and organizations in facing infectious outbreaks

and other hazards. The impact of pandemic influenza outbreaks on individuals and

societies can be reduced by being well prepared. This means having a comprehensive

plan, that has been tested and refined through conducting exercises, engaging the

whole of society.

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Public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC)

An extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other

States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a

coordinated international response

Some serious public health events that endanger international public health may be

determined under the International Health Regulations to be public health emergencies

of international concern (PHEIC). The term Public Health Emergency of International

Concern is defined in the IHR (2005) as “an extraordinary event which is determined,

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Public health emergency

A public health emergency (the condition that requires the governor to declare a state

of public health emergency) is defined as "an occurrence or imminent threat of an

illness or health condition, caused by bio terrorism, epidemic or pandemic disease, or

(a) novel and highly fatal infectious agent or biological toxin, that poses a substantial

risk of a significant number of human facilities or incidents or permanent or long-term

disability (WHO/DCD, 2001). The declaration of a state of public health emergency

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Public health

The approach to medicine that is concerned with the health of the community as a

whole. Public health is community health. It has been said that: "Health care is vital to

all of us some of the time, but public health is vital to all of us all of the time." The

mission of public health is to "fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions in which

people can be healthy." The three core public health functions are:

- The assessment and monitoring of the health of communities and populations at risk

to identify health problems and priorities;

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Public awareness raising

The processes of developing and communicating factual information for the general

population in order to increase their levels of awareness of disaster risks and their

understanding of how they can act to reduce their exposure and vulnerability to

hazards. Comment: Public awareness activities foster changes in behaviour leading

towards a culture of risk reduction. This involves the development and dissemination of

public and educational information through radio, television and print media, as well as

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Proportionate mortality

Fraction of all deaths due to a specific cause. (1)

 

(1) Checchi and Roberts, Interpreting and using mortality data in humanitarian

emergencies, ODI/HPN paper 52, 2005

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Proportionality

A requirement for a reasonable balance between the public good to be achieved and

the degree of personal invasion. If the intervention is gratuitous, onerous, or unfair, it

will overstep ethical boundaries.

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Prophylaxis

The prevention of disease in exposed or at risk individuals with a chemical agent or a

behavioral measure.

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