A management tool used to ensure that adequate arrangements are made in

anticipation of a crisis. This is a process of establishing programme objectives,

approaches and procedures to respond to situations or events that are likely to occur,

including identifying those events and developing likely scenarios and appropriate

plans to prepare and respond to them in an effective manner. This is achieved

primarily through engagement in a planning process leading to a plan of action,

together with follow-up actions. (OCHA)

Capable of being transmitted from one person to another by contact or close proximity.

A conflict of interest is not easily defined, because standards of morality may differ

and have also evolved over time. A widely used general definition is a set of

circumstances that creates a risk that professional judgement or actions regarding a

primary interest will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest.

Conflict of interest is considered an indicator, a precursor and a result of corruption.

Transparency international understands a conflict of interest as a situation where an

The obligation to keep information secret unless its disclosure has been appropriately

authorized by the person concerned or, in extraordinary circumstances, by the

appropriate authorities.