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Glossary

Strain

Genetic variant or subtype of a microorganism (e.g. virus, bacterium, or fungus). For

example, a "flu strain" is a certain biological form of the influenza or "flu" virus.

 

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Stigma

A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person. It is a

complicated process with various inter-related and complex factors.

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Stereotypes/stereotyping

Beliefs about members of a group based on learned opinions rather than information

about a specific individual. Beliefs that all members of specific groups share similar

traits and are prone to behave the same way. The categorizing of events, objects, and

people without regard to unique individual characteristics and qualities. Predictive

knowledge based on understandings of how members of some category can be

expected to act. (1)

 

(1) Glossary of communication, University of Jyväskylä

 

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State of emergency communication

Crisis and emergency risk communication is the attempt by science- or public health

professionals to provide information that allows an individual, stakeholders, or an entire

community to make the best possible decisions during a crisis emergency about their

well being, and communicate those decisions, within nearly impossible time

constraints, and ultimately, to accept the imperfect nature of choices as the situation

evolves.

When dealing with communicable disease issues in an emergency, the public health

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Stakeholder engagement

Stakeholder engagement is the process by which an organisation involves people who may

be affected by the decisions it makes or can influence the implementation of its decisions.

They may support or oppose the decisions, be influential in the organization or within the

community in which it operates, hold relevant official positions or be affected in the long

term. (1)

Stakeholder engagement is an opportunity to build trust and partnerships,

discuss and agree objectives, and establish roles and responsibilities. (2)

 

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Stakeholder analysis

A method for characterizing publics according to their interest in an issue. (1)

 

(1) Glossary of communication, University of Jyväskylä

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Stakeholder

Stakeholders are those public and private groups that have active concerns about

situations such as epidemics or pandemics. These groups are usually involved in the

decision-making process concerning an epidemic and may influence knowledge and

attitudes towards vaccination. Also, they can bring some sort of resource to bear in

support of public health communication.(1)

 

  1. TELL ME project

 

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Spontaneous publicity

Publicity accompanying unplanned events. (1)

 

(1) Glossary of communication, University of Jyväskylä

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Spiral of silence theory

Explains how perceptions of public opinion can minimize social expression of minority

opinion while exaggerating majority voices. (1)

 

(1) Glossary of communication, University of Jyväskylä

 

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Specificity

1. (Statistics) Specificity (sometimes called the true negative rate) measures the

proportion of negatives which are correctly identified as such (e.g. the percentage of

healthy people who are correctly identified as not having the condition). In any test,

there is a trade-off between specificity and sensitivity.

2. (Disease surveillance) A measure of how infrequently a system detects false

positive health events, i.e. the number of individuals identified by the system as not

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Action plan on Science in Society related issues in Epidemics and Total pandemics
European Commission
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 612236.

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